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and unstable. Further, they lack alternatives to move out of the social and economic situations they are in. These
among other, makes resident spouse women heads more vulnerable than women with a migrant spouse.
Combining both groups as de facto FHHs will undermine the vulnerable situations faced by resident spouse female
heads and divert policy attention away from them.
809 Rethinking Female-Headed Households in India: Diversity of Household
Structure, Contrasting Socioeconomic Status.
Thomas Licart
Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Categories
6. Family Formation and Dissolution, Family and Kinship
Abstract
In India, Female Headed Households (FHH) have been a major concern for researchers and policy makers due to
persistent gender inequality. Although, little attention has been paid to their specific household structure despite
its close link to the standard of living. The objective of this paper is to analyze the situation of Female-Headed
Households in India in the light of their living arrangement. Based on data from the fourth round of the National
Family and Health survey (2015–2016), we use a household classification to highlight the heterogeneity of FHH.
Indeed, their socioeconomic characteristics prove to be closely related to the diversity of their household forms.
The latter is also a key component in explaining the economic vulnerability of FHH. In a multi-model analysis, we
show how the gender gap narrows and can be explained by considering the diversity of household types. Finally,
we examine the factors guiding the choice of the household head when a mother lives without a husband but with
her married son(s). Thus, we confront two forms of authority: parental and patriarchal. We argue that beyond simply
describing an economic situation, FHH can also be an outcome of particular demographic and sociocultural
features.
570 The Politics of Marriage & Divorce in the Philippines
Maria Midea Kabamalan, Armand Camhol
University of the Philippines Population Institute, Quezon City, Philippines
Categories
6. Family Formation and Dissolution, Family and Kinship
Abstract
For about two decades now, several bills to legalize divorce in the Philippines have been filed in Congress but none
has been made into law. While legislative action has been tepid on this matter, census data show shifts from legal
marriage to consensual unions and surveys show support for consensual union, separation if marriage is not
successful, and remarriage. There is also support for a bill to legalize divorce among non-Muslims in the
Philippines.
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