Page 84 - 5th APA Conference Program Book Final

Abstract

Social Capital theory is increasingly being looked at as a valuable paradigm to understand if community
characteristics influence health behaviors and outcomes. This requires an understanding of the forms in which social
capital manifests and levels at which it operates. Employing hierarchical modeling to SAGE (Study on Global Ageing
and Adult Health) India data, we attempt to estimate the extent of neighborhood variation in health outcomes of
older adults that can be explained with social capital. Also, the association between different forms of social capital
(constructed based on Richard Carpiano’s framework) and health outcomes are examined. Results show that
community-level social capital variables collectively explain 12.81 percent unexplained neighborhood variation in
self-rated health, 2.5 percent variation in psychological wellbeing and 11.32 percent variation in ability to perform
activities of daily living respectively. Also, we find several forms of social capital to be associated with health
outcomes among older adults. The findings highlight the role social capital plays in serving as a coping mechanism
for older adults to survive deteriorating health and social exclusion and calls for conscious investment in building
social capital.

Keywords: Social Capital, Neighbourhood Effects, Older Adults, Health Outcomes, Hierarchical Modeling

1071 Effect of retirement on the cognitive outcome of elderly in India and China: An
instrumental variable estimation

Srei Chanda

International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India

Categories

8. Population Dynamics, Demographic Transition and Population Ageing

Abstract

India and China are grappling with a growing number of elderly depicting poor economic security and lack of
support from family. It is hypothesized that retirement has a spillover effect on cognitive health at later ages. It is
essential to measure patterns in the occurrence of retirement from the organized and unorganized sector on
cognitive health at old age. In the absence of an adequate pension system, retirement from the labor market is
influenced by income status. Income is evaluated with future financial security, receiving from, and providing
support to family and community. I have used an IV-two stage least square regression (IV-2SLS) on WHO-SAGE
Wave 1 data on India and China. The result shows that those who have retired from the organized sector is best in
terms of preserving cognitive outcome after controlling socio-demographic characteristics in both countries.
Having no insurance has a more negative effect on cognitive health in India (ß -0.68, [CI -1.03,-0.30]) than China (ß-
0.29, [CI -0.49, -0.08]). Income was found to be endogenous in our statistical model for both countries. This
estimation is useful to address the potential decline of support from family and community due to the change in
intergenerational norms and financial security.

718 Health and Health-care expenditure of older workforce in India

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Poulomi Chowdhury , Mausam Garg
2
1 University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. IIPS, Mumbai, India
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