Page 70 - 5th APA Conference Program Book Final

190 How Do Socio-economic Environments Affect the Impact of Number of Children
on Probability of Married Women Joining the Labour Market in Indonesia?

Aslamia Anwar, Aris Ananta
Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia

Categories

11. Population and Economy: Demographic Dividend, Labor Market and Population Policies

Abstract

There have been many studies on how number children affects probability of married women joining the labour
market. There are also studies who focused on how social and economic environments affect the probability.
Nevertheless, there has been no study on how the impact varies in different socio-economic environments. This
paper fills in this gap, by merging two Indonesian data sets: 2015 National Socio-economic survey to have
individual information and 2014 Village Potential survey to obtain the information on socio-economic environments.
A logistic regression analysis is conducted with some individual control variables, including information on
husbands. To capture the impact of socio-economic environments on the pattern of relationship between number
of children and probability of the women joining the labour market, this paper puts interaction terms between
number of children and variables on socio-economic environments. Economic environment is measured by per
capita GDP, poverty, availability of small and medium enterprises (SME), and distance to district office; and social
environment, by health facilities, education facilities, and existence of crime. The results show that some economic
environments (GDP, poverty, and SME) and one social environment (health facilities) have significant interaction
with number of children. Furthermore, the direction varies depending on the environments.

Plenary Session Session II Anticipating the Future

2:30 - 4:00pm Wednesday, 4th August, 2021
Presentation Type LIVE Session

Moderator: Premchand Dommaraju , Dewi Haryani Susilastuti

Pension and Old-Age Financial Adequacy. Lessons from Indonesia

Aris Ananta

Abstract

In a developing country like Indonesia, retirement is not a reward for long working years. It is a punishment, as they
still need money but they are not allowed to work. The retirement pay-out is meagre, often below the minimum
wage. The issue is also between state financial sustainability and old-age financial adequacy. This presentation
examines the proposed defined contribution pension system for civil servants, military, and police in Indonesia. Can

70 | P a g e