Page 171 - 5th APA Conference Program Book Final

Abstract

The labor force participation rate of women in India has been decreased despite economic growth, unlike most
countries, which has made their rights weak. The paper has studied determinations of the participation by gender
between rural and urban using probit model with India human development survey (IHDS) during 2011-12 to
analyze the factors that set a restriction on the participation to workforce. Estimation results are listed below. First,
marital status of the male, whether rural or urban, has a significant impact on the participation due to their family
support, but female has affected by multiple restrictions such as caste, religions, which demonstrates that
sociocultural factors have limited the participation irrespective of the regional factors. Second, the constraints of
marriage in rural are rather weaker than urban area, and the female who are in lower caste participate more in the
labor force in rural, which is interpreted as a result of industrial structure consisting of agriculture. Otherwise,
the restraint of caste system makes negative effects to the participation of the female in urban. Therefore, it is
necessary to low the barrier to entry and encourage economic incentives for more women with considering
regional effects in terms of the policy in order for women to grow as a group of social leaders.

89 Trends in Demographic changes, Economic growth, Inequality and Social
protection in Asia Pacific

2
Rajnish Prasad , Shrutika Badgujar
1
1 IIHMR Univeristy, Jaipur, India. Independent Consultant, Jaipur, India
2
Categories

11. Population and Economy: Demographic Dividend, Labor Market and Population Policies

Abstract

Asia-Pacific region home to 65% of the population. The region has shown remarkable achievements in growth and
poverty reduction in recent decades. From 1990 to 2010, the average annual growth rate of the gross domestic
product (GDP) for developing Asia reached 7.0% in terms of 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) dollars. Taking
the $1.90-a-day poverty line, the poverty rate declined from close to 80% to about 45%. This performance in growth
and poverty reduction has, however, been accompanied by rising inequality in a large part of the region. This paper
tries to look into the relationship between trend in inequality and demographical changes in the Asia-Pacific region
along with role of Social protection in reducing the inequalities. Though the TFR has decline however differences
in the decline in TFR highlight the inequalities, including in access to sexual and reproductive health services or
education. Besides that, GDP growth has been accompanied by rising inequality, reflecting economic and public
policies were less supportive of equitable growth. Social protection could be an effective strategy to address the
poverty and inequality. However at current level, it has contributed in reduction of poverty only and need to be
scaled-up.

829 Socio Economics Factors That Effect Work Life Balance among Women in
Malaysia

2
1
1
Azlan Aziz , Khairulnizam Jumain , Khairul Faqri Kamarul Razib , Ikmal Faez Rosli , Nor Azah Samat
1
1
1 National Population and Family Development Board, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris,
2
Perak, Malaysia
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